if起条件判断作用，满足条件的，返回最终生成的列表
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| [i for i in range(k) if condition]
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| [i for i in range(10) if i%2 == 0]
output:
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]
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if…else用来判断或赋值，满足条件的i以及j生成最终的列表
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| [i if condition else j for exp]
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| [i if i == 0 else 100 for i in range(10)]
output:
[0, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100]
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应用在代码中：
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| state_dict = {
k: v
for k, v in state_dict.items()
if k in model_dict and v.shape == model_dict[k].shape
}
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参考
https://blog.csdn.net/ZK_J1994/article/details/72809260
https://github.com/meder411/Tangent-Images/blob/master/experiments/semantic_segmentation/ss/models/build.py